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NASA : SCIENCE BLOG

NASA : SCIENCE BLOG    When it comes to achieving incredible feats of aerospace engineering Exploring the wonders of the universe And realizing the dreams of astronauts from around the world There’s one organization that stands out above all others This is the Evolution of NASA In the first episode we will cover the origins of NASA When World War 1 started in 1914, the United States lagged far behind Europe In technology and the number of military airplanes Great Britain had 400 military airplanes Germany 1,000 and France even 1,400 While the United States only had 23  In order to catch up, the NACA or National  Advisory Committee for Aeronautics was founded In 1915 on a mission to change the face of U.S. aviation The research of this committee and its technological expertise laid the foundation for NASA Unlike NASA’s current huge budget of 22.6 billion dollars The NACA initially only had a budget of 5,000 dollars NACA received more funding in the following years Lea...

about Lamborghini car : blog no. 3

Lamborghini : 3



Lamborghini wasn't done there, because the fastest, quickestand most expensive Lamborghinis are still to come. This is the third episodeof the Evolution of Lamborghini. In 2011, one of the most iconicLamborghinis of all time was born: the Aventador! This beautifully designed carhas phenomenal performance due to its new twelve-cylinder enginewith 700 horsepower. It could reach a top speed of 217 mph, making it the fastest Lamborghini at the time. The Aventador could acceleratefrom 0 to 60 in 2.9 seconds and cost $380,000. 


More than 5,000 unitsof the original Aventador were built between 2011 and 2017. FUN FACT: Many editions and special versionsof the Aventador were made, including the Aventador J, of which only one was made in 2012. It was sold for $2.8 million! A Lamborghini with anothervery high price tag at launch, but of which more than 1 was made,was the Sesto Elemento. It cost $2.2 million upon release in 2011. With a 5.2 liter V10 motor,it was capable of a blistering 221 mph and could do 0 to 60in only 2.5 seconds! 20 Sesto Elementos were made in total,  with the name referring tothe “sixth element” of the periodic table,  which you chemists out therewill know is carbon. Why carbon? Because of the carbon fiberused throughout the car, of course! 


The chassis, body, drive shaft and suspension componentswere all made of carbon fiber, which reduced the car’s overall weightto 1000 kg or 2,200 lb. This made it the lightest, fastestand quickest Lamborghini so far! For the company’sown 50th anniversary in 2013, Lamborghini made a concept carcalled the Egoísta. It had a unique one-seat cockpit,similar to that of a modern fighter jet. The Egoísta used the same V10 engineas the Sesto Elemento, but it’s performance was slightly less. If you want to see the Egoístafor yourself, you can, in the Lamborghini museum. FUN FACT: The car’s striking exterior was madeto resemble a certain animal. Care to take a guess which? I’ll give you a clue… It starts with a ‘B’ and ends with an ‘L’. 


Lamborghini’s most expensive model, and one of the most expensiveproduction cars in the world, was the Lambo Veneno. It cost an insane $4 million and nowadays it’s valued atmore than double that amount! Veneno translates to ‘poison’in English, and predictably, it was named after one ofthe most aggressive fighting bulls ever seen. Based on the Aventador,the Veneno was developed to celebrate Lamborghini’s50th anniversary. The Veneno was the company’sfastest car, capable of 221 mph and it accelerated from 0 to 60in 2.9 seconds. Only 14 units were made, of which 5 were coupésand 9 were roadsters. FUN FACT: In 2014, a Lamborghini Veneno Roadsterwas sold at an auction for over $8 million! In 2014, Lamborghini unveiledtheir first hybrid electric model: '

the Asterion. The goal of the Asterionwas to significantly reduce CO2 emissions using new technologies. The car was named after a Minotaur, which is a half-man, half-bull creaturefrom the Greek mythology. The 5.2 liter V10 enginecombined with three electric motors delivers a total power of 910 horsepower, enough for a top speed of 198 mph and acceleration of 0 to 60 in 2.9 seconds. Only one Asterion was ever built. The next Lamborghini vehicleto be produced in large quantities, and a model that isstill in production today, is the Huracán. Any guesses what the name translates to and what creature it got its name from?


 If you said ‘Hurricane’ and a bull,give yourself a pat on the back! Huracán was known for its courage and you have to be equally courageousto drive one of these. The 5 liter V10 enginewill power you to 212 mph and go from 0 to 60 in 2.5 seconds. In terms of recent Lambos, its launch priceof less than $300,000 was fairly modest. In 2015, Lamborghini built the Aventador SV. While it had the same top speedas the original Aventador, it could accelerate even quickerreaching 60 mph in just 2.4 seconds, making it the quickest Lamborghini. Of course, you had to pay a price for that as the launch pricewas close to half a million dollars. 


One year later, came the Aventador S. It is characterizedby a new aerodynamic design, redeveloped suspension, increased powerand new driving dynamics. While this all sounds very exciting, the specifications werealmost similar to the original Aventador. In 2016, the Centenario was unveiled  and 20 coupes were builtas well as 20 roadsters. You can likely guesswhat ‘Centenario’ means, but can you guess what100-year celebration they were marking? Well, it has been 100 yearssince the birth of Lamborghini’s founder, Ferruccio Lamborghini! 

He had already passed awayin 1993 at the age of 76, but his legacy lives on! Performance-wise, the Centenariowas very similar to the Aventador, but it did have a much higher launch priceas they were sold for 2 million each. The Huracán Performante was unveiledin 2017 at the Geneva Motor Show. It was built as both a roadcaras well as a racecar. A prototype of the Performante seta lap time of 6:52 on the Nürburgring Nordschleife, with Marco Mapelli behind the wheel,  making it one of the world’sfastest production cars on the track. 

The Performante hada top speed of 202 mph and could reach 60 mph in 2.8 seconds. Surprisingly, it had a cheaperlaunch price compared to the Huracán. A futuristic concept cardeveloped in collaboration with the Massachusetts Instituteof Technology was created in 2017. Each wheel contains an electric motorand all 4 can be controlled individually. This gives the car excellent stability, as good as a modern Formula 1 car in fact! The Terzo Milleniocould potentially represent the electric super sports cars of the future! In 2017, the Urus was unveiled, making it Lamborghini’s firstSUV since the LM002 in 1986. The SUV has the soul of a sports car. While the concept versionhad a 5.2 liter V10, the production version is poweredby a 4-liter twin-turbo V8 engine with 650 horsepower. 

The Urus is much lighterthan most of its competitors at less than 2,200 kilograms mainly because of theextensive usage of carbon fiber. Lamborghini also madesome special variants of the Urus, including the Urus Pearl Capsuleand the Urus Graphite Capsule. The Urus is capable of reaching 190 mph,  making it one of thefastest SUVs in the world. It can acceleratefrom 0 to 60 in 3.5 seconds and costs $200,000. Due to its high demand,the factory was expanded and in July 2020, the 10,000th unitof the Urus was produced. 

Yet another Aventador model,the SVJ, has been on sale since 2018. While we know that SV stands forSuper Veloce or super fast, the ‘J’, stands for Jota, denoting its trackand performance superiority. In 2017, Lamborghini claimed the fastestNürburgring lap time for a production car with 6 minutes and 45 seconds. Its performance stats arealmost identical to the original Aventador, but the SVJ is lighterand more track-focused. Production was limited to 900 units, each costing about half a million dollars. The SC18 Alston is a one-offtrack-focused supercar in close collaboration with Lamborghini’smotorsport division Squadra Corse. With a 6.5 liter V12, the car is ableto reach a top speed of 218 mph and go from 0 to 60 in 2.8 seconds. Since there was only one built, it is rumored that it had been soldfor around $7 million. In 2019, 

Lamborghiniunveiled the Huracán Evo,  with Evo standing for evolution. It has a new designimproved for aerodynamics and includes a next generation V10. Its performance is similar tothat of the Performante model and has a price tag of $260,000. By now, that almost soundslike a cheap Lamborghini. One of the most recentLamborghinis is the Sián FKP 37. Sián is a Bolognese termwhich refers to a flash of lightning, symbolic of the car’selectric capabilities, while ‘FKP 37’ stands forFerdinand Karl Piëch and his birth year 1937. 

The beautiful design of the caris inspired by the Lamborghini Countach. The Sián combines a V12 engine with electric power, making it a hybrid super sports car. The Sián is one of the fastest Lamborghiniswith a top speed of 220 mph and an acceleration time of 2.8 seconds. It will be a limited seriesof just 63 units, referring to the starting yearof Lamborghini, which was 1963. Each will cost about $2 million. FUN FACT: Lamborghini and Legopartnered to produce the LEGO Technic Lamborghini Sián, a 3,696-piece, 

1:8 scale modelof the hybrid super sports car. Lamborghini also partnered with Ducati to produce a motorcycle in the same design, which will be limited to 630 units. In 2020, Lamborghini producedanother Huracán, named the STO. It is a road-approved super sports carwith a 5.2 liter V10 engine. While the car does looks stunning,  it isn’t as fast and quickas the Huracán Performante. The STO does cost more though. And last but not least is the SC20. It was engineered bythe motorsport department two years after the SC18 Alston, and is also a one-offtrack-focused supercar. How fast the SC20 will gois still a mystery, but we do know it will havea 6.5 liter V12 engine with 770 horsepower. Throughout the years,Lamborghini has evolved immensely. The company has created some of themost iconic, wanted and most expensive cars and is known as one of the bestluxury car brands in the world. It is hard to believethat it all started with… tractors! Please SUBSCRIBEif you enjoyed this series! Many videos on this channel startedwith a suggestion in the comments. So if you’ve got an evolution videoyou would love to see, let me know in the comments!  

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